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Deep History: The Architecture of Past and Present, by Andrew Shryock, Daniel Lord Smail
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Humans have always been interested in their origins, but historians have been reluctant to write about the long stretches of time before the invention of writing. In fact, the deep past was left out of most historical writing almost as soon as it was discovered. This breakthrough book, as important for readers interested in the present as in the past,brings science into history to offer a dazzling new vision of humanity across time. Team-written by leading experts in a variety of fields, it maps events, cultures, and eras across millions of years to present a new scale for understanding the human body, energy and ecosystems, language, food, kinship, migration, and more. Combining cutting-edge social and evolutionary theory with the latest discoveries about human genes, brains, and material culture, Deep History invites scholars and general readers alike to explore the dynamic of connectedness that spans all of human history.
With Timothy Earle, Gillian Feeley-Harnik, Felipe Fernández-Armesto, Clive Gamble, April McMahon, John C. Mitani, Hendrik Poinar, Mary C. Stiner, and Thomas R. Trautmann
- Sales Rank: #1352596 in Books
- Published on: 2011-11-07
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.00" w x 6.00" l, 1.55 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 360 pages
Review
"Recommended."--"Choice"
"A volume of great significance, bringing fresh insight, focus, and shape to our understanding of the dynamic connectedness that spans the entirety of human history. . . . . The calibre of contributors is exceptional and Andrew Shryock and Daniel Lord Smail should be congratulated for assembling the line-up whilst also fostering the volume's collaborative character."--"Jrai"
"The chapters are perceptive . . . in their arguments. . . . Something that is long overdue."--"Journal of Interdisciplinary History"
"The goal of this project is to question old narrative elements of human evolution and discuss new ones. . . . In practice, this means the book is about some of the cleverest people in the field having fun with ideas."--John Robb"Current Anthropology" (06/01/2012)
"A different kind of historical writing . . . it offers general readers a thought-provoking approach to language, the brain, genes, exchange and other human faculties."--Wendy Iraheta"San Francisco Book Review" (04/10/2012)
"Recommended."--L. L. Johnson"Choice" (06/01/2012)
The goal of this project is to question old narrative elements of human evolution and discuss new ones. . . . In practice, this means the book is about some of the cleverest people in the field having fun with ideas. --John Robb"Current Anthropology" (06/01/2012)"
A different kind of historical writing . . . it offers general readers a thought-provoking approach to language, the brain, genes, exchange and other human faculties. --Wendy Iraheta"San Francisco Book Review" (04/10/2012)"
Recommended. --L. L. Johnson"Choice" (06/01/2012)"
From the Inside Flap
“Ranging across the disciplines, this truly collaborative team cuts through the constraints of our previous notions of historical understanding and points towards a fundamental new way of thinking about history.”—Lynn Hunt, author of Measuring Time, Making History
“In recent decades, history as a discipline has increasingly portrayed humans as an exception in the story of life, as though all other life-forms were part of nature but humans somehow were not, or not quite. This book issues a profound and timely challenge to that implicit assumption and argues for an integration of deep and recorded human pasts. The challenge is profound, because it is at once methodological and philosophical, and it is timely in the way it resonates with concerns about our growing ecological footprint on the planet. This collaborative enterprise will appeal to students of human pasts in a variety of disciplines.” —Dipesh Chakrabarty, author of Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference
“Leading scholars in deep history have been brought together from a variety of disciplines in this ambitious project. The result is constantly exciting. I read barely a page that didn’t cause me to reconsider how we might tell the human story.”—Martin Jones, University of Cambridge
“In Deep History: The Architecture of Past and Present, a multi-disciplinary team of historians, archeologists, paleontologists, primatologists, and anthropologists takes up the challenge of incorporating the past six million or so years into the record of human history. Combining open minds with scholarly rigor, the authors use linguistics and genetics, trails of bones, shells and crafted objects, dietary traditions, and kinship rules to follow our footloose species out of Africa and around the globe, along the way dismantling barriers between disciplines that have outlived their usefulness.” —Sarah B. Hrdy, author of Mother Nature: A History of Mothers, Infants, and Natural Selection
About the Author
Andrew Shryock is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of Michigan. He is the author of Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan (UC Press) winner of the Middle Eastern Studies Association’s Albert Hourani Award, among other books. Daniel Lord Smail is Professor of History at Harvard University. Among his books is On Deep History and the Brain, (UC Press) a finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize in Science and Technology.
Most helpful customer reviews
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
A very enjoyable and thoughtful read.
By greg taylor
A warning to my fellow Kindle readers- I read this book in the paperback format. I suspect that the Kindle version would be unsatisfactory. There are 29 illustrations or charts and that stuff usually does not traslate well in the Kindle editions. If someone has read the book on Kindle and disagrees, let me know and I will change this warning.
As has been noted by other reviewers, this is a group effort by eleven different authors whose training spans the fields of anthropology, archeology, biology, linguistics, history and geography.
The main interest of the authors is to reveal and change the underlying metaphors, frames and rhetoric which structures the research in their fields. The main target of their proposed changes would be to get rid of the conceptual binary history/prehistory.
The two principals throw down the gauntlet early in the book. They feel that the stories that have been told in the sciences about what defines history as opposed to prehistory have the same structure as creation myths. At some point in our prehistory, something miraculous happens and everything changes. We learn how to farm, we discover writing, we start to live in cities (we invent politics) and we step through some sort of threshold into history. This is basically of scientific version of a creation myth.
The authors want to get rid of the divine spark, the miraculous moment and instead explore the concept of a deep history that goes back to the earliest hominids and maybe beyond.
History almost inevitably has been organized on a sort of Cartesian plot with the zero point located at the birth of Christ and the time before Christ as an increasingly obscure vista extending back at the most 10000 years or so.
[I will now indulge in a side-rant which you should feel free to skip. The whole BCE and CE (Before Common Era and Common Era)thing is a joke. The zero point on the plot is still Christ. Let's just use YA for years ago and have done with it. It marks no particular culture’s grounding event as the starting point. Indeed, it gets rid of the idea of a starting point at all. We now return to the regular review].
One of the side effects of the directional arrow of time is that it generates stories of progress. The authors put forth the use of spirals, fractals, networks (see the list on p. xi) as the frames to be explored in the essays. The authors then present us with a series of thematic chapters that explore a major component of our physical/cultural evolution that sums up recent work in that area as seen within the suggested metaphorical foundations. These topics include such items as Food, Migration, Bodies, Kinship, Scale etc..
The whole effort is fascinating, incredibly informative, speculative and very provocative in the best possible way (that of making you want to do further research). There are moments in the book where the authors suggest the beginnings of the history of containers both as a physical object and as a metaphor (p. 208), the deep history of repeatability (the ability to create identical objects) and it relationship to group membership (p. 236) or how natural selection can “lead to the evolution of traits that increase the survival of reproduction of kin” (p.170). I found myself over and over again having to put the book down for a moment to try to absorb some of these suggestions.
I have one caveat which I cannot but think the authors would agree with. There is a tendency in those scholarly fields in the humanities/human science continuum to indulge in what I call the argument from wishful thinking. This is a movement within a paragraph or a page or two from a “may be true” to a simple truth. There is a good example on p.249. The authors suggest
that beads “perhaps reflected a heightened need to communicate with an ever-growing number of people…” In the next paragraph, this becomes the support for the following:
“The social worlds they created did not flow automatically from earlier cognitive, demographic, or social revolutions. They emerged instead as the innovative reworking of contexts and materials and the unleashing of latent abilities.”
We have moved from a perhaps to a conclusion and to do so is to hide the speculative nature of that conclusion. I am not arguing against their idea- I am annoyed by the lack of the nuance.
There are moments of weak arguments throughout the book. There are weak chapters such as the one on Food. There is also a much greater amount of really informative, well-written and carefully argued chapters like the ones on Migration, Deep Kinship and Scale. This is a very enjoyable and provocative book. My highest recommendation.
13 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
Deep history can motivate scholars to extend their exploration further back, but comprehensive histories are not in short supply
By Didaskalex
"If the discipline we call History is a political discipline designed to explain the modern condition, then there is little need for a deep history. A deep history is any history framed in the full spectrum of the human past, from the present day back to early hominins, ... Historians need to develop the habit of looking backward,..." -- Daniel L Smail
*
The authors of this 'Deep History' historiography methodology, offer a selective collection of essays, to promote considering the full spectrum of the human past and why it has taken so long for historians "to accept the full implications of the time revolution of the 1860's." The focus is on the new trends in history learning. During the twentieth century, historians like archaeologists were just as interested in methodological division of time. Historians were confined to the short time of written evidence, while archaeologists, in essence, engaged in the periods of unwritten evidence. The book gives guidelines, for the forward development of a new methodology for the writing and instruction of deep history.
Since history was considered a subject not a methodology, rules of evidence mattered little. The research interests of historians change over time, and in recent decades there has been a shift away from traditional economic and political history toward new approaches, of social and cultural studies. Such metaphors have rendered deep time imperceptible. New generation of historians were required, by American historian George Fisher, to learn how to utilize such documents, as chronicles, inscriptions, and registers, in addition to examining oral tradition and language. Fisher's view was that history is written from a broad spectrum of evidence, adding that examining indirect evidence should be considered.
Daniel Lord Smail, Harvard medieval historian, alleges that "In the last two or three decades, historians have found it hard to think across large time spans," contending that the antidote to this "shallow history," is "deep history," that stretches back 50,000, or even to the very first humans. Recent advances in archaeological analysis, evolutionary ecology and genetic map assigning DNA fragments to chromosomes have led to an astonishing expansion in our knowledge of the distant past, despite the lack of written records. He outline a style of history-writing that avoids the traditional historians storyline according to primary concepts of origins, birth, and revolutions.
The book builds on earlier findings*, fading away the logic of a beginning based on writing, civilization, or historical consciousness It offers a model for a history that escapes the continuing grip of the Judeo-Christian time frame. Daniel Lord Smail argues that the time has come for fundamentally new ways of thinking about our past. He shows how recent work in paleo-history facilitate joining the deep past with the recent past. Its mission is to radically abandon the concept of prehistory. American Historical Association president, Anthony Grafton, acknowledges that deep history can encourage scholars to extend their exploration further back, but he questions the truth that 'comprehensive histories' are in short supply.
* On Deep History and the Brain
3 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Challenging but a bit too ambitious
By Marc L
The title and subtitle of this book are a bit misleading. Deep History has to do with the history before civilization (mostly the use of writing). According to the editors this prehistory is greatly undervalued by historians/archeologists, who dissect it too much with the traditional methodology and frame it into classical progress-narratives. The editors plead for a revaluation of this gigantic part of human history, mostly because in this period the essential characteristics of mankind were created.
Now, I guess we can all agree with that. But the introductory chapters of this book are written in a militant, pamphleteering style. The editors formulate the ambition to rewrite the whole of historical science, by suggesting a new methodology and a larger time-frame.
When you look at how this is put in practice, in the 10 chapters of this book, you can truly be disappointed. I have lots of issues with the suggested new methodology: a lot is borrowed from primatology (the study of mankind-related apes) and anthropology (here constricted to the study of non-industrialized societies); in a certain way this may seem logic enough, but the relevant knowledge from these parts of human science are transplanted into (prehistorical) hominins, by analogy and plausibility, because of the lack of sufficient evidence. Now, this can produce very interesting new insights, like the one on the importance of kinship as the relation of men through space and time. But the tenability of these hypotheses is rather limited (look at the mumbo-jumbo of hypotheses in paleontology, in the last 20-30 years, and you know enough).
Of course, there are some very interesting chapters in this book, but only two of them (the ones on migration and scale) are truly breathtaking; the authors succeed in their ambition to prove that in "deep history" essential, revolutionary steps were taken that have marked human history, and still do.
My list of positive and negative remarks is very long, I just give one of each. On the negative side there's the strange use of the word "scalar" almost throughout the book, a term originative from math's and physics, where it is some kind of unity or quantity, but here I remain in the dark about its correct meaning. On the positive side this book gave me the insight that the family-tree-model, very popular in paleontology and linguistics, is handy to map different branches of a development, but is very misleading because it neglects the complex interactions between these branches.
In short: this book is a deception, measured by the formulated ambition. But in the end I'm rather positive: this is the work of a multidisciplinary team (historians, anthropologists, linguists, primatologists, geneticists and archeologists), and despite the shortcomings this book shows that the different sciences can offer each other very valuable insights. So perhaps it is just the beginning of a very promising cooperation?
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